Gold nanoparticles

NA.23

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) ranging from 2-200nm in diameter find applications in diverse fields.They show excellent biocompatibility and attractive physicochemical properties. Poly (ethylene) glycol (PEG) surface coatings on gold nanoparticles help in the reduction of protein adsorption, reduce nonspecific interactions with cells and greatly improve the pharmokinetics of these nanoparticles and reduce aggregation of the nanoparticles. PEG layer density depends inversely on the AuNP curvature. Denser coatings are possible on smaller AuNPs. The methyl group, being hydrophobic, acts as a protecting shield between the gold nanoparticles and the hydrophilic outer PEG coating and also leads to a further reduction of protein adsorption and macrophage uptake by the AuNPs.

Several other specific applications have been listed below:

• Since they adhere to cell membranes, AuNPs may find use in cellular and intracellular targeting in targeted drug delivery applications and are also used in biodistribution studies.
• AuNPs may also be used in photothermal therapy and radiotherapy.
• Studies show that 30-nm PEG-coated AuNPs have been successfully used to deliver tumor necrosis factor to solid tumors.

Functionalized Particles have been extensively used to study cellular uptake of nanoparticles and targeted drug delivery.

PEG decreases the cytotoxicity and increases efficiency of GNPs in targeted drug delivery. PEG increases the stability of the nanoparticles and prevents agglomeration. Forms complexes easily with dyes and thiol ligands.

100

PEG 5000

dispersion in H₂O
nanoparticles

50

20 nm

6.0-8.0 (25 ℃)

water: miscible

1.00 g/cm³

520 nm

methoxy

2-8℃

1 mL in poly bottle

10 - Combustible liquids

WGK 1